巴西专利BR112013016252B1 aerosol generation system, method for providing an electrically operated aerosol generation system a

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专利摘要:
AEROSOL GENERATION SYSTEM THAT HAS A MEANS TO DETERMINE THE EXHAUSTION OF A LIQUID SUBSTRATE The present invention relates to an electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) to receive an aerosol-forming substrate. The system comprises a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate, an electric heater (119) comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol forming substrate, and an electrical circuit (109 ) to determine the depletion of the heated aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater based on a relationship between a heating element temperature and the energy applied to the heating element. Also presented is a method in an electrically operated aerosol generation system that comprises a liquid storage portion and an electric heater that comprises at least one heating element to heat the liquid aerosol-forming substrate, understanding of the method: determining depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater based on a relationship between a temperature of the heating element and the energy applied to the heating element to heat the liquid aerosol-forming substrate, understand of the method: determining (...).
公开号:BR112013016252B1
申请号:R112013016252-0
申请日:2011-12-22
公开日:2021-01-19
发明作者:Olivier Cochand；Michel THORENS；Jean-Marc Flick；Yvan Degoumois
申请人:Philip Morris Products S.A.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrically operated aerosol generation system. In particular, the present invention relates to an electrically operated aerosol generating system in which an aerosol-forming substrate is liquid and is contained in a liquid storage portion.
[0002] Patent application WO 2009/132793 A1 features an electrically heated smoking system that has a liquid storage portion. The liquid storage portion includes an aerosol-forming substrate and is connected to a vaporizer that comprises an electric heater that is powered by a battery supply. In use, the electric heater is activated by suction into a nozzle by a user to turn on the battery's power supply. The heated aerosol-forming substrate contained in the vaporizer will be vaporized. The suction in a nozzle by the user causes the air to be extracted along or through the vaporizer, thus generating an aerosol which, as is known to the elements skilled in the art, is a suspension of solid particles or liquid drops in a gas, such as air. The generated aerosol is extracted into the mouthpiece and subsequently into a user's mouth.
[0003] The electrically operated aerosol generation systems of the prior art, including the aforementioned smoking system, have a number of advantages, but there is still an opportunity for improvement, particularly with regard to the handling of an aerosol-forming substrate. contained in a liquid storage portion.
[0004] According to a first aspect of the invention, an electrically operated aerosol generation system is provided to receive an aerosol-forming substrate, wherein the system comprises: a liquid storage portion for storing the liquid aerosol-forming substrate ; an electric heater comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol-forming substrate; and an electrical circuit configured to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate based on a relationship between an energy applied to the heating element and a temperature change resulting from the heating element.
[0005] The electrical circuit is preferably configured to estimate an amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion based on the determined depletion.
[0006] The amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion may be an absolute quantity or a relative quantity, for example, a percentage value, or it may be a determination that there is more or less than a limit quantity of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion.
[0007] The provision of an electrical circuit to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate applied to the heater is advantageous for a number of reasons. For example, when the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, insufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be supplied to the electric heater. This may mean that the created aerosol does not have the desired properties, for example, the particle size or the chemical composition of the aerosol. This can result in a poor user experience. In addition, if it can be determined when the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty, it may be possible to inform the user. Then the user can prepare to replace or refill the liquid storage portion.
[0008] The relationship between a temperature of the heating element and the energy applied to the heating element can be, for example, a rate of change of temperature of the heating element for a given applied energy, an absolute temperature of the heating element in a given time in a heating cycle for a given applied energy, an integral of the temperature for a portion of a heating cycle for a given applied energy or an energy applied to the heating element in order to maintain a certain temperature. Generally speaking, the less aerosol-forming substrate is applied to the heater for vaporization, the higher the temperature of the heating element for a given applied energy. For a given energy, the evolution of the temperature of the heating element during a heating cycle, and as that evolution changes for a plurality of heating cycles, can be used to detect whether there has been a depletion in the amount of aerosol-forming substrate applied to heater.
[0009] For the liquid aerosol forming substrate, certain physical properties, for example, the vapor pressure or the viscosity of the substrate, are chosen in a way that is suitable for use in the aerosol generation system. The liquid preferably comprises a tobacco containing material comprising volatile tobacco flavor compounds which are released from the liquid upon heating. Alternatively, or in addition, the liquid may comprise a non-tobacco material. The liquid can include water, ethanol, or other solvents, plant extracts, nicotine solutions, and natural or artificial flavors. Preferably, the liquid also comprises an aerosol former. Examples of suitable aerosol builders are glycerin and propylene glycol.
[0010] An advantage of providing a liquid storage portion is that the liquid in the liquid storage portion is protected from ambient air. In some embodiments, ambient light also cannot enter the liquid storage portion, so the risk of light-induced liquid degradation is avoided. In addition, a high level of hygiene can be maintained.
[0011] Preferably, the liquid storage portion is arranged to contain the liquid for a predetermined number of puffs. If the liquid storage portion cannot be refilled and the liquid in the liquid storage portion has been used, the liquid storage portion has to be replaced by the user. During such replacement, contamination of the user with liquid must be prevented. Alternatively, the liquid storage portion can be refilled. In that case, the aerosol generation system can be replaced after a certain number of refills of the liquid storage portion.
[0012] The electric heater can comprise a single heating element. Alternatively, the electric heater may comprise more than one heating element, for example, two, or three, or four, or five, or six or more heating elements. The heating element or heating elements can be arranged appropriately to more effectively heat the liquid aerosol-forming substrate.
[0013] At least one electric heating element preferably comprises an electrically resistive material. Suitable electrically resistive materials include, but are not limited to: semiconductors such as doped ceramics, electrically "conductive" ceramics (such as, for example, molybdenum disilicate), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys and materials composites made of a ceramic material and a metallic material. Such composite materials may comprise doped or non-doped ceramics. Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbides. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum and platinum group metals. Examples of suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, Constantan, nickel, cobalt, chrome, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gallium, manganese and nickel-based alloys. , iron, cobalt, stainless steel, Timetal®, ferro-aluminum alloys and ferro-manganese-aluminum alloys. Timetal® is a registered trademark of Titanium Metals Corporation. In composite materials, the electrically resistive material can optionally be embedded, encapsulated or coated with an insulating material or vice versa, depending on the energy transfer kinetics and the required external physical-chemical properties. The heating element may comprise an etched metal sheet isolated between two layers of an inert material. In that case, the inert material may comprise Kapton®, a whole sheet of polyimide or mica. Kapton® is a registered trademark of E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.
[0014] At least one electric heating element can take any appropriate shape. For example, at least one electric heating element can take the form of a heating blade. Alternatively, at least one electrical heating element can take the form of a shell or a substrate that has different electroconductive portions, or an electrically resistive metal tube. The liquid storage portion may incorporate a disposable heating element. Alternatively, one or more heating needles or rods that flow through the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may also be suitable. Alternatively, at least one electric heating element can comprise a sheet of flexible material. Other alternatives include a heating wire or filament, for example, a Ni-Cr (Nickel-Chromium) wire, platinum, tungsten or an alloy, or a heating plate. Optionally, the heating element can be deposited on or on a rigid carrier material.
[0015] At least one electrical heating element may comprise a heat sink, or a heat reservoir that comprises a material with the ability to absorb and store heat and subsequently release heat over time to heat the substrate forming aerosol. The heat sink can be formed of any suitable material, such as a suitable metal or ceramic material. Preferably, the material has a high thermal capacity (heat sensitive storage material), or is a material with the capacity to absorb and subsequently release heat through a reversible process, such as a high temperature phase change. Suitable sensitive heat storage materials include silica gel, alumina, carbon, a glass mat, glass fibers, minerals, a metal or alloy such as aluminum, silver or lead, and a cellulose material such as the paper. Other suitable materials that release heat through a reversible phase change include paraffin, sodium acetate, naphthalene, wax, polyethylene oxide, a metal, a metal salt, a mixture of eutectic salts or an alloy.
[0016] The heat sink or the heat reservoir can be arranged in such a way that it is directly in contact with the liquid aerosol-forming substrate and can transfer the stored heat directly to the substrate. Alternatively, the heat stored in the heat sink or in the heat reservoir can be transferred to the aerosol-forming substrate by means of a heat conductor, such as a metal tube.
[0017] At least one heating element can heat the liquid aerosol-forming substrate by means of conduction. The heating element can be at least partially in contact with the substrate. Alternatively, the heat from the heating element can be conducted to the substrate by means of a heat conducting element.
[0018] Alternatively, at least one heating element can transfer heat to the incoming ambient air that is extracted through the electrically operated aerosol generation system during use, which in turn heats the aerosol-forming substrate. Ambient air can be heated before passing through the aerosol-forming substrate. Alternatively, the ambient air can first be extracted through the liquid substrate and then heated.
[0019] Preferably, the electrically operated aerosol generation system further comprises a capillary wick for conducting the liquid aerosol-forming substrate of the liquid storage portion to the electric heater.
[0020] Preferably, the capillary wick is arranged to be in contact with the liquid in the liquid storage portion. Preferably, the capillary wick extends into the liquid storage portion. In this case, in use, the liquid is transferred from the liquid storage portion to the electric heater by the capillary action on the capillary wick. In one embodiment, the capillary wick has a first end and a second end, where the first end extends into the liquid storage portion for contact with liquid therein and the electric heater is arranged to heat the liquid at the second end . When the heater is activated, the liquid at the second end of the capillary wick is vaporized by at least one heating element of the heater to form the supersaturated steam. Supersaturated steam is mixed with and charged into the air stream. During the flow, the vapor condenses to form the aerosol, and the aerosol is carried into a user's mouth. The liquid aerosol-forming substrate has physical properties, including viscosity and surface tension, which allow the liquid to be transported through the capillary wick by capillary action.
[0021] The capillary wick can have a fibrous or spongy structure. The capillary wick preferably comprises a bundle of capillaries. For example, the capillary wick may comprise a plurality of fibers or lines or other fine-bore tubes. The fibers or lines can generally be aligned in the longitudinal direction of the aerosol generation system. Alternatively, the capillary wick may comprise a sponge-like material or foam formed into a rod shape. The rod shape can extend along the longitudinal direction of the aerosol generation system. The wick structure forms a plurality of small holes or tubes, through which the liquid can be transported by capillary action. The capillary wick can comprise any material or appropriate combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials are capillary materials, for example, a sponge or foam material, ceramic or graphite-based materials in the form of sintered fibers or powders, foamed metal or plastic material, a fibrous material, for example , made of spun or extruded fibers, such as cellulose acetate, polyester, or bonded fibers of polyolefin, polyethylene, terylene or polypropylene, nylon or ceramic fibers. The capillary wick can have any capillarity and porosity suitable for use with different liquid physical properties. The liquid has physical properties, including, but not limited to, viscosity, surface tension, density, thermal conductivity, boiling point and vapor pressure, which allow the liquid to be transported through the capillary device by capillary action.
[0022] Preferably, at least one heating element is in the form of a heating wire or filament that surrounds, and optionally supports, the capillary wick. The capillary properties of the wick, combined with the properties of the liquid, ensure, during normal use when there is an abundance of the aerosol-forming substrate, that the wick is always wet in the heating area.
[0023] The capillary wick and the heater, and optionally the liquid storage portion, can be removable from the aerosol generation system as a single component.
[0024] In a first embodiment, the electrically operated aerosol generation system further comprises a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of at least one heating element, and the electrical circuit is arranged to monitor the temperature of at least one heating element. heating as detected by the temperature sensor and to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater based on the temperature of at least one heating element as detected by the temperature sensor.
[0025] If the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate decreases, for example, if the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty, insufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be supplied to the heater. This can result in an increase in the temperature of the heating element. In this way, the temperature of the heating element, as detected by the temperature sensor, can allow the electrical circuit to determine that the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit and may still be able to supply an indication of an absolute amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion.
[0026] In another embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element, to determine the temperature of the heating element from the measured electrical resistance.
[0027] If the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate decreases, for example, if the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty, insufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be supplied to the heater. This can result in an increase in the temperature of the heating element. If at least one heating element has appropriate characteristics of the temperature resistance coefficient, measuring the electrical resistance of at least one heating element will allow the temperature of the heating element to be estimated. Thus, the temperature of the heating element, as estimated by the electrical circuit from the measured electrical resistance, can allow the electrical circuit to determine an amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion.
[0028] An advantage of this modality is that it is not necessary to include a temperature sensor, which can occupy valuable space in the aerosol generation system and can also be expensive. It is emphasized that the electrical resistance, in this modality, is used as an 'actuator' (heating element) and a 'sensor' (temperature measurement).
[0029] In this modality, the electrical circuit can be arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element by measuring the current through at least one heating element and the voltage through at least one heating element and to determine the electrical resistance of at least one heating element from the measured current and voltage. In that case, the electrical circuit can comprise a resistor, which has a known resistance, in series with at least one heating element, and the electrical circuit can be arranged to measure current across at least one heating element by measuring voltage across. of the resistor of known resistance and to determine the current through at least one heating element from the measured voltage and the known resistance.
[0030] The electrical circuit can be arranged to determine the depletion of the heated aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater by monitoring the temperature rise detected or estimated in successive heating cycles as the liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the portion of liquid storage is consumed.
[0031] The electrical circuit can be arranged to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater by monitoring the rate of increase in temperature detected or estimated at the beginning of a heating cycle, by successive heating cycles to measure that the liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion is consumed.
[0032] The electrical circuit can be arranged to determine an amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion by monitoring an increase in the value of an integral over time of the detected or estimated temperature for a portion of each heating cycle, for successive heating cycles as the liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion is consumed.
[0033] In another embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged to limit the temperature of the heating element to a maximum temperature, and arranged to determine the depletion of the aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater by monitoring an amount of applied energy to the heating element to maintain the maximum temperature.
[0034] In this modality, the electrical circuit can be arranged to supply energy to the heating element in a pulse width modulated signal, and in which the electrical circuit is arranged to monitor an amount of energy applied to the heating element through the monitoring the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal.
[0035] The electrical circuit can be arranged to calibrate other systems to determine an amount of aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion based on the determined amount.
[0036] In addition to allowing an estimate of an amount of aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion, the same principle of monitoring the temperature evolution of the heating element during each heating cycle can be used to protect the user from overheating and malfunction if, for example, the viscosity of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate changes due to extreme external conditions so that it is no longer applied to the heating element in a sufficient amount.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged, when the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion is estimated to have decreased to a predetermined limit, to disable the electric heater.
[0038] This is advantageous, since the user can then no longer use the aerosol generation system since there is insufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate. This will prevent the creation of an aerosol that does not have the desired properties. This will avoid a poor user experience.
[0039] The electrical circuit can be arranged to disable the electrical heater by placing an electrical fuse between the electrical heater and an electrical power source. The electrical circuit can be arranged to disable the electrical heater by turning off a switch between the electrical heater and an electrical power source. Alternative methods of deactivating the electric heater will be apparent to an element skilled in the art.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged, when the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion is estimated to have decreased to the predetermined limit, to indicate this to a user. This is advantageous, since the indication allows the user to refill or replace the liquid storage portion.
[0041] The electrically operated aerosol generation system may comprise a user display. In this case, the indication may comprise an indication on the user's display. Alternatively, the indication may comprise an audible indication, or any other appropriate type of indication for a user.
[0042] The aerosol generation system can also comprise an electrical power source. Preferably, the aerosol generating system comprises a housing. Preferably, the casing is elongated. If the generation of the aerosol includes a capillary wick, the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and the longitudinal axis of the wrapper can be substantially parallel. The wrapper may comprise a wrap and a nozzle. In that case, all components can be contained in the wrapper or the nozzle. In one embodiment, the housing includes a removable insert comprising the liquid storage portion, the capillary wick and the heater. In this embodiment, the parts of the aerosol generation system can be removable from the enclosure as a single component. This can be useful for refilling or replacing the liquid storage portion, for example.
[0043] The wrapper can comprise any material or an appropriate combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials include metals, alloys, plastics or composite materials that contain one or more of those materials, or thermoplastics that are suitable for food or pharmaceutical applications, for example, polypropylene, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and polyethylene. Preferably, the material is transparent and not fragile.
[0044] Preferably, the aerosol generation system is portable. The aerosol generation system can be a smoking system and can be of a size comparable to a conventional cigar or cigarette. The smoking system can have a total length between about 30 mm and about 150 mm. The smoking system can have an outside diameter between about 5 mm and about 30 mm.
[0045] Preferably, the electrically operated aerosol generation system is an electrically heated smoking system.
[0046] According to a second aspect of the invention, a method is provided which comprises: the provision of an electrically operated aerosol generation system comprising a liquid storage portion for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate and an electric heater which comprises at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol-forming substrate; and determining the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater based on a relationship between an energy applied to the heating element and a temperature change resulting from the heating element.
[0047] The amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be an absolute amount or a relative amount, for example, a percentage value, or it can be a determination that there is more or less of a limit amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion.
[0048] According to a third aspect of the invention, an electrical circuit is provided for an electrically operated aerosol generation system, in which the electrical circuit is arranged to perform the method of the second aspect of the invention.
[0049] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a computer program is provided which, when run on a programmable electrical circuit for an electrically operated aerosol generation system, causes the programmable electrical circuit to execute the method of the second aspect of the invention.
[0050] In accordance with a fifth aspect of the invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program thereon according to the fourth aspect of the invention.
[0051] The features described with respect to the aerosol generating system of the invention can also be applicable to the method of the invention. And the features described with respect to the method of the invention can also be applicable to the aerosol generating system of the invention.
[0052] The invention will be further described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows an example of an electrically operated aerosol generation system that has a liquid storage portion; Figure 2 is a graph showing five averages of temperature curves of the heating element during multiple puffs of an electrically operated aerosol generation system; Figure 3 is a graph showing the rate of increase in the temperature of the heating element over the entire life of a liquid storage portion, calculated over three different time periods; Figure 4 is a graph showing, on the y axis, the resistance of the heating element and, on the x axis, the temperature of the heating element of an electric heater of an electrically operated aerosol generation system; and Figure 5 is a schematic circuit diagram, which allows the resistance of the heating element to be measured, according to an embodiment of the invention.
[0053] Figure 1 shows an example of an electrically operated aerosol generation system that has a liquid storage portion. In Figure 1, the system is a smoking system. The smoking system 100 of Figure 1 comprises a housing 101 having a nozzle end 103 and a body end 105. At the end of the body, an electrical power source in the form of battery 107 and an electrical circuit 109 are provided. Puff detection system is also provided in cooperation with electrical circuit 109. At the end of the nozzle, a liquid storage portion in the form of a cartridge 113 containing liquid 115, a capillary wick 117 and a heater 119 is provided. it should be noted that the heater is only shown schematically in Figure 1. In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 1, one end of capillary wick 117 extends to cartridge 113 and the other end of capillary wick 117 is surrounded by heater 119. The heater it is connected to the electrical circuit through connections 121, which can pass along the outside of the cartridge 113 (not shown in Figure 1). Housing 101 also includes an air inlet 123, an air outlet 125 at the end of the nozzle, and an aerosol forming chamber 127.
[0054] In use, the operation is as follows. The liquid 115 is driven by the capillary action of the cartridge 113 from the wick end 117 which extends to the cartridge to the other wick end which is surrounded by the heater 119. When a user brings in the aerosol generating system at the air outlet 125, the ambient air is drawn through the air inlet 123. In the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the puff detection system 111 detects the puff and activates heater 119. Battery 107 supplies electrical energy to heater 119 to heat the end of wick 117 surrounded by the heater. The liquid at that wick end 117 is vaporized by heater 119 to create supersaturated steam. At the same time, the liquid being vaporized is replaced by more liquid that moves along the strand 117 by the capillary action. (This is sometimes referred to as a "pumping action"). The supersaturated vapor created is mixed with and charged with the air flow from the air inlet 123. In the aerosol forming chamber 127, the vapor condenses to form an inhalable aerosol, which is charged to outlet 125 and to the user's mouth.
[0055] In the modality shown in Figure 1, the electrical circuit 109 and the system of detection of puffs 111 are preferably programmable. Electrical circuit 109 and puff detection system 111 can be used to control the operation of the aerosol generating system. This helps with controlling the particle size in the aerosol.
[0056] Figure 1 shows an example of an electrically operated aerosol generation system in accordance with the present invention. Many other examples are possible, however. In addition, it should be noted that Figure 1 is schematic in nature. In particular, the components shown are not scaled individually or in relation to each other. The electrically operated aerosol generation system must include or receive a liquid aerosol-forming substrate contained in a liquid storage portion. The electrically operated aerosol generation system requires some type of electric heater that has at least one heating element to heat the liquid aerosol-forming substrate. Finally, the electrically operated aerosol generation system requires an electrical circuit to determine an amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion. This will be described below with reference to Figures 2 to 5. For example, the system does not have to be a smoking system. A drag detection system does not need to be provided. Instead, the system could operate through manual activation, for example, the user operating a switch when a drag is taken. For example, the shape and total size of the wrapper can be changed. In addition, the system may not include a capillary wick. In that case, the system may include another mechanism for applying the liquid for vaporization.
[0057] However, in a preferred embodiment, the system includes a capillary wick for conducting the liquid from the liquid storage portion to at least one heating element. The capillary wick can be made of a variety of porous or capillary materials and preferably has a known predefined capillarity. Examples include ceramic or graphite based materials in the form of sintered fibers or powders. Wicks of different porosities can be used to accommodate different liquid physical properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension and vapor pressure. The wick should be appropriate so that the required amount of liquid can be applied to the heater. Preferably, the heater comprises at least one heating wire or filament that extends around the capillary wick.
[0058] A series of modalities of the invention will now be described with reference to Figures 2 to 5. The modalities are based on the example shown in Figure 1, although it is applicable to other modalities of the electrically operated aerosol generation systems.
[0059] As already mentioned, the aerosol generating system of the invention includes an electrical circuit to determine an amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion. This is advantageous because, when the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, insufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be supplied to the heater. This may mean that the aerosol created and inhaled by the user does not have the desired properties, for example, the particle size of the aerosol. This can result in a poor user experience. In addition, it is advantageous to provide a mechanism by which the user can be informed that the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty. Then the user can prepare to replace or refill the liquid storage portion. If a capillary lock is provided, this will mean that the capillary lock will be dry. The temperature of the heating element will increase. Such an increase in the temperature of the heating element is used in the first and second embodiments of the invention.
[0060] Figure 2 is a graph that shows five averages of the temperature curves that are being measured during multiple puffs of an aerosol generation system. The temperature T of the heating element is shown on the y axis and the drag time t is shown on the x axis. Curve 201 is the average of a first set of puffs, in which each puff has a puff duration of 2 seconds. Similarly, curve 203 is the average of a second set of shots, curve 205 is the average of a third set of shots, curve 207 is the average of a fourth set of shots and curve 208 is the average of a fifth set of puffs. On each curve, the vertical bars (for example, shown in 209) indicate the standard deviation around the mean for those temperatures. In this way, the evolution of the temperature measured for the useful life of the liquid storage portion is shown. This behavior was observed and confirmed for all vaporized liquid formulations and for all energy levels used.
[0061] As can be seen from Figure 2, the temperature response of the heating element is reasonably stable for curves 201, 203 and 205. That is, the standard deviation around the mean for the first three sets of downs is reasonably small. In curve 207, two effects are observed. First, the standard deviation around the mean for the third set of puffs is greater. Second, the temperature of the heating element during each puff increased significantly. These two effects indicate that the liquid storage portion is becoming empty.
[0062] In curve 208, the standard deviation around the average for the fifth set of puffs is smaller again. That is, the temperature range for the puffs is reasonably stable. However, the temperature of the heating element during each drag increased even more. This indicates that the liquid storage portion is substantially empty.
[0063] The increase in temperature at curve 207, compared to curve 205, is particularly evident after about 0.4 second of the puff (shown by the dotted line 211). The detection that the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, therefore, can be accurately based on the temperature level of the heating element after 0.4 s of the drag duration.
[0064] The empirical data for particular designs of the aerosol-forming substrate and for the particular design of the system can be stored in memory in the electrical circuit. These empirical data can relate the temperature of the heating element at a particular point in a puff or heating cycle that operates at a given energy with the amount of liquid remaining in the liquid storage portion. Empirical data can then be used to determine how much liquid is left and can be used to provide a user with an indication when it is estimated to be less than a predetermined number of remaining puffs.
[0065] In this way, Figure 2 demonstrates that there is an evident increase in the temperature of the heating element once the liquid storage portion is empty. This is particularly evident after the first 0.4 second of a drag. This temperature rise can be used to determine when the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty.
[0066] It can also be seen in Figure 2 that the slope of the temperature curve between 0 seconds and 0.2 seconds increases as the liquid storage portion becomes empty. Thus, a measure of the rate of temperature rise during an initial drag for the life of the liquid storage portion can provide an alternative or additional means for detecting an amount of the liquid remaining in the liquid storage portion. This measurement may in fact be a more desirable measurement than that of Figure 2, since the measurement can be made for a shorter period of time, that is, 0.2 seconds instead of 2 seconds. This can provide a quicker visualization of the temperature level change and can help to reduce the risk of poor aerosol properties.
[0067] Figure 3 is a graph showing the rate of temperature rise calculated for different time bands during the consumption of the aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion, using constant energy. The plotted points were calculated using the formula:

[0068] Graph 301 shows the rate of temperature increase or the slope coefficient with t1 = 2ms and t2 = 50 ms from the beginning of each drag, graph 302 shows the slope coefficient with t1 = 20 ms and t2 = 100 ms from the start of each drag, and graph 303 shows the slope coefficient with t1 = 20 ms and t2 = 200 ms from the start of each drag. It can be seen that the slope coefficient during a drag is quite constant from the drag number zero, when the liquid storage portion is full, up to the drag number 'X1', for all three graphs. Between the puff number 'X1' and the puff number 'X2' there is an increase in the slope coefficient as the number of puffs increases. It can be seen that this increase in the slope coefficient is more or less linear with the number of puffs for all three graphs. The increase in the rate of temperature rise for a given applied energy is a result of the depletion of the aerosol-forming substrate in the vicinity of the heater as a result of emptying the liquid storage portion. In this example, this leads to the wick drying. From drag number X2 onwards, the slope coefficient is again reasonably constant. This corresponds to an empty liquid storage portion and a dry lock. There is no aerosol-forming substrate to vaporize, and so all the energy supplied to the heating element is directed simply to heating. This behavior was observed and confirmed for all liquid formulations used and for all energy levels.
[0069] The linear behavior of the rate of increase in temperature in the "emptying" region between puffs X1 and X2 can be explored to provide a measure of the amount of aerosol-forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion. It can also be used to calibrate all other techniques used to measure or estimate the remaining aerosol-forming substrate. It can be seen from Figure 3 that the curve 301, which corresponds to the rate of temperature increase between 2 and 50 ms from the start of each puff, provides the greatest change between puffs X1 and X2 and thus can be used to provide the highest resolution of the amount of aerosol-forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion. This also allows a calculation of the remaining aerosol-forming substrate to be done very quickly after the start of each puff.
[0070] It should be evident that the start of the emptying region and the rate of temperature rise in the emptying region is dependent on the composition of the aerosol-forming substrate and the physical properties of the system, such as the dimensions of the system. Thus, the use of a different design of the device or a different substrate will alter the behavior of the device in the emptying region. A threshold for deciding that the storage portion is "empty" can be configured as appropriate to the design of the system and the substrate being used.
[0071] An alternative for measuring the slope shown in Figure 3 is an integration under the curves in Figure 2. This can be done for the same time range between 0 seconds and 0.2 seconds for each drag. This can also be a more desirable measure than that of Figure 2, since the measurement must be made for only 0.2 seconds and thus can provide a faster visualization in the change of the temperature level.
[0072] Thus, Figures 2 and 3 show that a measure of the temperature of the heating element, or the rate of temperature change, or an integral of the temperature in relation to time, can all provide a sufficiently accurate measure of when the amount of the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit.
[0073] According to the first embodiment of the invention, the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion is determined by measuring the temperature near the heating element. As discussed above, if the measured temperature increases from puff to puff, this may indicate that the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty.
[0074] According to the first embodiment of the invention, a temperature sensor is provided in the aerosol generating system near the heating element. The electrical circuit can monitor the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and thereby determine an amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion. The advantage of this modality is that no calculations or derivations are necessary, since the temperature sensor directly measures the temperature near the heating element.
[0075] Once it has been determined when the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, a series of actions can be taken and these will be described below.
[0076] According to the second embodiment of the invention, the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion is determined by measuring the resistance of the electric heating element. If the heating element has an appropriate temperature resistance characteristic coefficient, (for example, see equation (5) below), then the resistance can provide a measure of the temperature of the electrical heating element.
[0077] Figure 4 is a graph showing the resistance R of the heating element of the electric heater on the y axis, versus the temperature T of the heating element on the x axis. As can be seen in Figure 4, as the temperature T of the heating element increases, the resistance R also increases. Within a selected range (between temperatures T1 and T2 and resistances R1 and R2 in Figure 4). The temperature T and the resistance R can be proportional to each other.
[0078] As discussed above with respect to the first embodiment of the invention, if the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, insufficient liquid aerosol-forming substrate will be supplied to the heater. This will mean that any capillary wick will become dry, and the temperature of the heating element will rise. Figure 4 shows that such an increase in temperature can be determined by a measure of the resistance of the heating element since, as the temperature increases, the measured resistance also increases.
[0079] Figure 5 is a schematic electrical circuit diagram showing how the resistance of the heating element can be measured according to the second embodiment of the invention. In Figure 5, heater 501 is connected to a battery 503 that applies a voltage V2. The resistance of the heater to be measured at a particular temperature is Rheater. In series with heater 501, an additional resistor 505, with a known resistance r is inserted connected to voltage V1, intermediate between earth and voltage V2. For the microprocessor 507 to measure the Rheater resistance of heater 501, the current through heater 501 and the voltage across heater 501 can both be determined. Then, the following well-known formula can be used to determine resistance: V = IR (1)
[0080] In Figure 5, the voltage through the heater is V2-V1 and the current through the heater is I. Thus:

[0081] Additional resistor 505, whose resistance r is known, is used to determine current I, again when using (1) above. The current through resistor 505 is I and the voltage across resistor 505 is V1. Thus:

[0082] Thus, the combination of (2) and (3) results in:

[0083] In this way, the microprocessor 507 can measure V2 and V1, that the aerosol generation system is being used and, knowing the value of r, can determine the resistance of the heater at a particular temperature, Rheater. By monitoring Rheater for the useful life of the liquid storage portion, an increase in Rheater can be determined. In this way, an increase in resistance, which may indicate an increase in temperature once the capillary wick is dry, can be detected.
[0084] Then, the following formula can be used to determine the temperature T from the measured resistance Rheater at temperature T:

[0085] where α is the coefficient of thermal resistivity of the material of the heating element and R0 is the resistance of the heating element at room temperature T0. In this way, an increase in temperature, which can correspond to the liquid storage portion that is empty or almost empty, can be detected.
[0086] An advantage of this modality is that no temperature sensor, which can be bulky and expensive, is required.
[0087] In this way, a measurement of the temperature of the heating element can be derived. This can be used to determine when the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit and to estimate an absolute amount of aerosol-forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion.
[0088] In a third embodiment of the invention, the aerosol generating system can be configured to maintain or control the temperature of the heating element during a drag, or it can be configured to limit the temperature of the heating element to a maximum temperature for avoid unwanted chemical degradation. In this embodiment, instead of using temperature as an indicator of liquid level depletion, the energy required to maintain a predetermined temperature can be used to calculate an amount of aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion. For example, if a capillary wick is used, as the wick dries less energy is required to maintain a predetermined temperature.
[0089] Energy can be supplied to the heater as a pulse width modulated waveform (PWM) that has a predetermined amplitude. The duty cycle of the energy waveform, that is, the relationship between the time period and the energy, is active for the time period when the energy is deactivated, a parameter can then be used to calculate an amount of substrate aerosol former in the liquid storage portion. Again, the empirical data relating energy to the amount of aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion can be stored in a memory within the electrical circuit.
[0090] In all the modalities described above, once it has been determined when the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, one or more actions can be taken. The electric heater can be deactivated. For example, a system can be activated to make the liquid storage portion unusable. For example, the electrical circuit, in determining that the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, can arrange an electrical fuse between at least one heating element of the electric heater and an electrical power source . The electric fuse can be provided as part of a removable component including the liquid storage portion. Alternatively, the electrical circuit, in determining that the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, can turn off a switch between at least one heating element of the electric heater and an electrical power source. It is clear that alternative methods of deactivating the electric heater are possible. An advantage of disabling the electric heater is that it is then impossible to use the aerosol generation system. This makes it impossible for a user to inhale an aerosol that does not have the desired properties.
[0091] Once it has been determined when the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, the user can be warned. For example, the electrical circuit, in determining that the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, can indicate this to a user. For example, if the aerosol generation system includes a user display, it can indicate to the user, through the user display, that the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty and can provide an estimate of the number of puffs remaining. Alternatively or additionally, an audible sound can indicate to the user that the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty. It is clear that alternative methods of indicating to the user that the liquid storage portion is empty or almost empty are possible. An advantage of warning the user is that the user can then prepare to replace or refill the liquid storage portion.
Thus, according to the invention, the electrically operated aerosol generation system includes an electrical circuit to determine when the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit. Various methods for determining that the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit have been described with reference to Figures 2 to 5. The characteristics described with respect to one embodiment may also apply to another embodiment .

权利要求:
Claims (13)
[0001]
1. Electrically operated aerosol generating system (100) for receiving an aerosol-forming substrate (115), wherein the system comprises: a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol-forming substrate; and an electric heater (119) comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol-forming substrate; and characterized by the fact that an electrical circuit (109) configured to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate based on a relationship between an energy applied to the heating element and a temperature change resulting from the heating element.
[0002]
2. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100), according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is configured to estimate a quantity of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion ( 113) based on the determined exhaustion.
[0003]
3. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that it also comprises a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of at least one heating element (119) and in which the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to monitor the temperature of at least one heating element as detected by the temperature sensor and to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater based on the temperature as detected by the temperature sensor temperature.
[0004]
4. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to apply a predetermined energy to the heating element (119).
[0005]
5. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element (119) , to determine the temperature of the heating element (119) from the measured electrical resistance.
[0006]
6. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100), according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element (119) by means of measuring current through at least one heating element (119) and voltage across at least one heating element (119) and determining the electrical resistance of at least one heating element (119) from current and of the measured voltage.
[0007]
7. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater (119 ) by monitoring a temperature rise detected or verified for successive heating cycles as the liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion (113) is consumed.
[0008]
8. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100), according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater (119 ) by monitoring the rate of temperature increase detected or estimated for a portion of each heating cycle, for successive heating cycles as the liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion (113) is consumed.
[0009]
9. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to determine the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater (119 ) by monitoring an increase in the value of an integral over time of the detected or estimated temperature for a portion of each heating cycle, for successive heating cycles as the liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the storage portion of liquid (113) is consumed.
[0010]
10. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to limit the temperature of the heating element (119) to a maximum temperature, and it is arranged to determine the depletion of the heated aerosol-forming substrate by the heater by monitoring an amount of energy applied to the heating element (119) to maintain the maximum temperature.
[0011]
11. Electrically operated aerosol generation system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises a capillary wick (117) for carrying the liquid aerosol-forming substrate of the liquid storage portion (113) to the electric heater (119).
[0012]
12. Method, which comprises: the provision of an electrically operated aerosol generating system (100) comprising a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate and an electric heater (119) comprising at least one heating element (119) for heating the liquid aerosol-forming substrate; and characterized by the fact that the determination of the depletion of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate heated by the heater based on a relationship between an energy applied to the heating element (119) and a temperature change resulting from the heating element (119).
[0013]
13. Electrical circuit (109) for an electrically operated aerosol generation system (100), characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to perform the method as defined in claim 12.

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法律状态:
2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-08-06| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2020-08-04| B06A| Patent application procedure suspended [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

2020-11-10| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2021-01-19| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 22/12/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

EP10252235A|EP2468117A1|2010-12-24|2010-12-24|An aerosol generating system having means for determining depletion of a liquid substrate|

EP10252235.6|2010-12-24|

PCT/EP2011/073791|WO2012085203A1|2010-12-24|2011-12-22|An aerosol generating system having means for determining depletion of a liquid substrate|

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